If an integer calculation exceeding this range is performed within a program, this is called "integer overflow". For example, on a 32-bit operating system, an integer can typically range from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. Integers can take values within a certain range. Integer overflows are closely related to the underlying representation. Some common integer security issues are: Integer overflow:Īn integer overflow occurs when an integer is increased beyond its maximum value or decreased beyond its minimum value. Compiler optimizations or platform differences Use of unsafe or deprecated functions or libraries Misuse of arithmetic operators, bitwise operators, or logical operators Inadequate error handling or exception handling Improper validation or sanitization of user input or external data Incorrect assumptions about the size, range, or representation of integer types Integer security issues can arise from various sources, such as: Integer security refers to the proper handling of integer values in a program, such as avoiding overflows, underflows, truncations, conversions, and other errors that can lead to unexpected or malicious behavior. Integer security is a crucial aspect of software development that often gets overlooked by developers and testers. A software vulnerability may result when a program evaluates an integer to an unexpected value (that is, a value other than the one obtained with pencil and paper) and then uses the value as an array index, size, or loop counter. Digital integer representations are, of course, imperfect. It is no longer acceptable to assume a program will operate normally given a range of expected inputs when an attacker is looking for input values that produce an abnormal effect.
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